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Топографическая карта Mount Okmok
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Mount Okmok
After a period of quiescence, an intense eruption took place at Okmok in 43 BCE. A rhyodacitic eruption column rose over the volcano from a vent in its northern part. Pumice lapilli fell out from the eruption column. The fallout was emplaced in three distinct units, with a brief break between the first two that lasted days to months. The fallout deposits are up to a meter thick, with the first unit being emplaced north and the second and third units southeast of Okmok. Then, a change in magma composition from dacite to andesite heralded a dramatic increase of activity. A 200–600 °C (392–1,112 °F) hot pyroclastic flow descended the slopes of Okmok, burning the vegetation buried by the preceding fallout, and traversed ridges and topography. The flow consisted of one dense basal portion and a less dense overriding cloud. The flow deposits are tens of meters thick and contain black scoria, lithics, crystals, and glass. Some flows crossed the 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) wide sea between Umnak and Unalaska to form deposits on the latter, probably on top of pumice rafts. The flows on Umnak form two facies, one stratified and one massive, depending on local topographic conditions. It is probably at this point that the collapse of the second caldera commenced. The eruption probably took place early in the year, but with the mountain largely snow-free, which may imply a long duration.
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Об этой карте
Название: Топографическая карта Mount Okmok, высота, рельеф.
Местонахождение: Mount Okmok, Unorganized Borough, Alaska, United States (53.46763 -168.17881 53.46773 -168.17871)
Средняя высота: 713 м
Минимальная высота: 397 м
Максимальная высота: 1 098 м
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